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Nahum Introduction

The Book of Nahum, one of the minor prophetic books in the Old Testament, focuses on the impending judgment of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria. Written by the prophet Nahum, it likely dates back to the seventh century BC, after the Assyrian empire had oppressed Israel and Judah for years. Nahum’s prophecy foretells the downfall of Nineveh due to its violence, idolatry, and arrogance, showing that no power can stand against God’s justice. This message offers hope to those suffering under oppression, emphasizing God’s sovereignty, the ultimate triumph of justice, and His protection over His people.

Chapter 1
Chapter 1 opens with a powerful description of God’s character—He is both a jealous and avenging God, yet slow to anger and rich in mercy for those who seek refuge in Him. Nahum proclaims that God will bring vengeance upon His enemies, particularly Assyria, while protecting those who trust Him. Nature itself responds to God’s wrath, with mountains quaking and seas drying up at His command. The chapter serves as a reminder of God’s power and justice, promising the end of Nineveh’s oppression and comforting the people of Judah with hope for their deliverance.

Chapter 2
In Chapter 2, Nahum vividly depicts the fall of Nineveh, with detailed imagery of an attacking army, the city’s walls breached, and its defenders defeated. The once-mighty city is portrayed as helpless before God’s judgment. As the invaders plunder Nineveh’s treasures, the chapter underscores the emptiness of wealth and power in the face of divine justice. Through these events, Nahum conveys that no empire, however powerful, can withstand God’s decrees. The chapter reassures Judah that the oppressor’s downfall is imminent and that God has seen their suffering.

Chapter 3
Chapter 3 pronounces a final woe upon Nineveh, exposing the city’s sins, including violence, deceit, and oppression. Nahum compares Nineveh to a harlot, alluring but treacherous, and declares its inevitable end, despite any defense efforts. The chapter reflects on other fallen cities as a reminder that Nineveh, too, will face humiliation and desolation. With striking descriptions of carnage and ruin, Nahum paints a vivid picture of Nineveh’s fate, reinforcing that God’s justice is inescapable. Judah is encouraged to trust in God’s deliverance, seeing Nineveh’s fall as proof of His sovereignty and commitment to justice.

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