2 Corinthians Introduction
2 Corinthians is an epistle written by the Apostle Paul to the Christian community in Corinth. This letter, likely composed around AD 55-57, addresses several themes crucial to understanding the mature nature of Paul's apostolic authority, his heart for the church, and his deep desire for reconciliation. Throughout the letter, Paul defends his ministry and encourages the Corinthians to remain steadfast in their faith amidst trials and challenges. He also discusses the nature of Christian ministry, the importance of forgiveness, and the transformative power of God's grace.
Summary of Each Chapter of 2 Corinthians
Chapter 1: Paul begins with greetings and blessings. He discusses the comfort God provides in all afflictions, which they, in turn, can offer to others. He also addresses his change in travel plans, stressing his desire for transparency and integrity in his decisions.
Chapter 2: Paul explains his reasons for not visiting Corinth, highlighting his wish to spare them pain and emphasizing the importance of forgiveness and reconciliation within the community.
Chapter 3: This chapter focuses on the nature of Paul’s ministry. He contrasts the new covenant of the Spirit, which brings life, with the old covenant, which brought condemnation. Paul highlights the glory and freedom found in the Spirit.
Chapter 4: Paul describes the trials and the resilience of apostolic ministry. He emphasizes that the power they exhibit is from God, not themselves, and speaks of the eternal glory that outweighs their temporary afflictions.
Chapter 5: He speaks about the hope and assurance of the resurrection and the ministry of reconciliation that believers are called to. Paul emphasizes that they are ambassadors for Christ, urging reconciliation with God.
Chapter 6: Paul details the hardships and character of his ministry. He appeals to the Corinthians to open their hearts to him and not to be unequally yoked with unbelievers.
Chapter 7: Paul rejoices over the church's repentance that was stirred by his previous letter (1 Corinthians). He discusses godly sorrow that leads to repentance and the joy and comfort he feels upon hearing of their positive response.
Chapter 8: The focus shifts to the encouragement of generous giving. Paul commends the Macedonian churches for their generosity and urges the Corinthians to excel in this grace of giving.
Chapter 9: Continuing from chapter 8, Paul discusses the benefits of cheerful and generous giving, which results in thanksgiving to God and provision for the church.
Chapter 10: Paul defends his ministry against accusations of weakness and his boldness when absent but timid in presence. He emphasizes that his warfare and weapons are spiritual, not worldly.
Chapter 11: Paul confronts the false apostles who boast about human achievements. He presents his own credentials and sufferings as a true apostle.
Chapter 12: Paul speaks of visions and revelations he has received, particularly detailing a "thorn in the flesh" that keeps him humble. He discusses the sufficiency of God’s grace and his contentment in weaknesses for the sake of Christ.
Chapter 13: The final chapter is a call for self-examination and a warning of Paul’s forthcoming visit. He wishes for their perfection and encourages them to live in peace and harmony, concluding with a benediction.